2a: Unit Logic
++biff
Unit as argument
Applies a function b that produces a unit to the unwrapped value of ++unit
a (u.a). If a is empty, ~ is produced.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a function that accepts a noun and produces a unit.
Produces
A unit.
Source
++ biff
|* [a](unit) b]$-(* (unit))]
?~ a ~
(b u.a)
Examples
> (biff (some 5) |=(a]@ (some (add a 2))))
[~ u=7]
> (biff ~ |=(a]@ (some (add a 2))))
~
++bind
Non-unit function to unit, producing unit
Applies a function b to the value (u.a) of a ++unit a, producing
a unit. Used when you want a function that does not accept or produce a
unit to both accept and produce a unit.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a function.
Produces
A unit.
Source
++ bind
|* [a=(unit) b=gate]
?~ a ~
[~ u=(b u.a)]
Examples
> (bind ((unit @) [~ 97]) ,@t)
[~ u='a']
> =a |=(a]@ (add a 1))
> (bind ((unit @) [~ 2]) a)
[~ u=3]
++bond
Replace null
Replaces an empty ++unit b with the product of a called trap
a. If the unit is not empty, then the original unit is produced.
Accepts
a is a trap.
b is a unit.
Produces
Either the product of a or the value inside of unit b.
Source
++ bond
|* a=(trap)
|* b=(unit)
?~ b $:a
u.b
Examples
> (bex 10)
1.024
> ((bond |.((bex 10))) ~)
1.024
> ((bond |.((bex 10))) (slaw %ud '123'))
123
++both
Group unit values into pair
Produces ~ if either a or b are empty. Otherwise, produces a
++unit whose value is a cell of the values of two input units a and
b.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a unit.
Produces
A unit of the two initial values.
Source
++ both
|* [a=(unit) b=(unit)]
?~ a ~
?~ b ~
[~ u=[u.a u.b]]
Examples
> (both (some 1) (some %b))
[~ u=[1 %b]]
> (both ~ (some %b))
~
++clap
Apply function to two units
Applies a binary function c--which does not usually accept or produce a
++unit-- to the values of two units, a and b, producing a unit.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a unit.
c is a function that performs a binary operation.
Produces
A unit.
Source
++ clap :: combine
|* [a](unit) b=(unit) c=_|=(^ +<-)]
?~ a b
?~ b a
[~ u=(c u.a u.b)]
Examples
> =u ((unit @t) [~ 'a'])
> =v ((unit @t) [~ 'b'])
> (clap u v |=([a=@t b=@t] (welp (trip a) (trip b))))
[~ u="ab"]
> =a ((unit @u) [~ 1])
> =b ((unit @u) [~ 2])
> =c |=([a=@ b=@] (add a b))
> (clap a b c)
[~ 3]
++drop
Unit to list
Makes a ++list of the unwrapped value (u.a) of a ++unit a.
Accepts
a is a unit.
Produces
A list.
Source
++ drop :: enlist
|* a=(unit)
?~ a ~
[i=u.a t=~]
Examples
> =a ((unit @) [~ 97])
> (drop a)
[i=97 t=~]
> =a ((unit @) [~])
> (drop a)
~
++fall
Give unit a default value
Produces a default value b for a ++unit a in cases where a is null.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a noun that's used as the default value.
Produces
Either a noun b or the unwrapped value of unit a.
Source
++ fall :: default
|* [a=(unit) b=*]
?~(a b u.a)
Examples
> (fall ~ `a`)
`a`
> (fall [~ u=0] `a`)
0
++lift
Curried bind
Accepts a ++gate a and produces a function that accepts ++unit
b to which it applies a. Used when you want a function that does not accept
or produce a unit to both accept and produce a unit.
Accepts
a is a gate.
b is a unit.
Produces
A unit.
Source
++ lift :: lift gate (fmap)
|* a=gate :: flipped
|* b=(unit) :: curried
(bind b a) :: bind
Examples
> ((lift dec) `(unit @)`~)
~
> ((lift dec) `(unit @)`[~ 20])
[~ 19]
++mate
Choose
Accepts two units a and b whose values are expected to be
equivalent. If either is empty, then the value of the other is produced.
If neither are empty, it asserts that both values are the same and
produces that value. If the assertion fails, ++mate crashes with
'mate' in the stack trace.
Accepts
a is a unit.
b is a unit.
Produces
A unit or crash.
Source
++ mate :: choose
|* [a=(unit) b=(unit)]
?~ b a
?~ a b
?.(=(u.a u.b) ~|('mate' !!) a)
Examples
> =a ((unit @) [~ 97])
> =b ((unit @) [~ 97])
> (mate a b)
[~ 97]
> =a ((unit @) [~ 97])
> =b ((unit @) [~])
> (mate a b)
[~ 97]
> =a ((unit @) [~ 97])
> =b ((unit @) [~ 98])
> (mate a b)
! 'mate'
! exit
++need
Unwrap unit
Retrieve the value from a ++unit and crash if the unit is null.
Accepts
a is a unit.
Produces
Either the unwrapped value of a (u.a), or crash.
Source
++ need :: demand
|* a](unit)
?~ a ~|(%need !!)
u.a
Examples
> =a ((unit [@t @t]) [~ ['a' 'b']])
> (need a)
['a' 'b']
> =a ((unit @ud) [~ 17])
> (need a)
17
> =a ((unit @) [~])
> (need a)
! exit
++some
Wrap value in a unit
Takes any atom a and produces a ++unit with the value set to a.
Accepts
a is a noun.
Produces
A unit.
Source
++ some :: lift (pure)
|* a=*
[~ u=a]
Examples
> (some [`a` `b`])
[~ u=[`a` `b`]]
> (some &)
[~ u=%.y]